HX843-M63-1987.pdf Public

Downloadable Content

Download PDF

File Details

Depositor
Dean Seeman
Date Uploaded
Date Modified
2020-02-06
Fixity Check
passed on September 06, 2024 at 12:39
Characterization
File Format: pdf (Portable Document Format)
File Title: HX843-M63-1987_01
Page Count: 148
File Size: 51886487
Filename: HX843-M63-1987.pdf
Last Modified: 2024-09-06T20:20:34.028Z
Original Checksum: 672cfcce1851d639c6ced3eca8c2be94
Mime Type: application/pdf
Creator Transcript
  • MISDEMEANOR COMPLAINT (7-81) CC3fC1-225 IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF COOK COUNTY, ILIJNOIS The People of the State or Illinois Plaintiff v. 38 ANARCHISTS Defendant D GOLD (STATE of IL) complainant, now appears before (Complainants Name Printed or Typed) The Circuit Court or Cook County and states that 38 ANARCHJS has on or about (defendant) (address) 2 May 86 at 800 N MICHIGAN (date) (place of offense) Committed the offence of MOB ACTION in that he without authority of law acted together with others and used violence in such manner as to disturb the public peace, to wit: by running in and out of traffic, disregarding all traffic laws and endangering the well being of pedestrians. in violation or Chapter 38 Section 25-1(a)(1) ILLINOIS REVISED STATUTES STATE OF ILLINOIS I COUNTY OF COOK D. Gold (Complainant’s Signature) 113 W CHICAGO 744 8230 (Complainant’s address) (Telephone No.) D. Gold (D. GOLD) (Complainant’s Name Printed or Typed) Being first duly sworn, on oath, deposes and says that he has read the foregoing complaint by him suscrived and that the same is true. D. Gold (Complainant’s Signature) Subscribed and sworn before me 2 MAY 86 I have examined the above complaint and the person presenting the same and have heard evidence thereon, and am satisfied that there is probable cause for filing same. Leave is given to file said complaint. Summons issued, or warrant issued, or bail set at Judge Judge’s No. MORGAN M. FINLEY, CLERK OF THE CIRCUIT COURT OF COOK COUNTY Haymarket Remembered Thanks to all who contributed time, creativity, skills, & bucks$ Seattle A’s Haymarket Remembered Project P.O.Box 10122 Olympia, W.A. 98502 c. 1987 No permission for anything needed Copy Freely TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION or "Will I get credit for this?".... 1 PLANNING or "Who cares about SHIMO anyway?" … 7 FIRST IMPRESSIONS or "I had never been to Chicago either"… 22 MAY DAY or "The RCP goes back to the masses" … 27 WORKSHOPS or "Oh shit, that was a hot one! " . . . 39 @ DEMO or "Smash the state and have a nice day" ... 52 JAIL AND BAIL or "Nobody fucks with ~ flag"... 83 BANQUET or "To beef or not to beef" … 103 CEMETERY or "Mass atonement ceremony" … 115 BAIL FUND OONTROVERSY or "Money, as it always does, created hard feelings” … 125 FINAL IMPRESSJONS or "Easy for me to say since I didn't help organize any of it" … 129 INTRODUCTION The idea for this book was as spontaneous as most of the Haymarket Anarchist gathering itself. The difficult part has been the more tedious aspect of organizing it and getting ourselves motivated after periods of inactivity concerning the compilation of the materials. It has been a year since the Haymarket gathering in Chicago and our goal was to have the book ready for the second gathering to be held in Minneapolis in 1987. Deadlines are such motivators even for anarchists. Our final decision to drastically cut many of the contributions due to the amm.mt of material we received may not meet with much approval, but we hope the book will stand on its own. We think it does. We tried to include something from everyone, but again that was not always accomplished due to many repetitious accounts. We also decided to include sections which required that we put bits and pieces of accounts in different areas of the book. 'Ibis was done to give a sense of continuity to the work in terms of chronology. At the same time, we . tried to include various accounts and experiences in their entirety in order to maintain the personal experiences that people had in a more individualistic way. We hope that this method helps to construct an historical picture that is built from many points of view rather than one person's vision of an historical event. Anarchy has had enough of the singular historian's biases. We had over 70 contributors to this book and about half that many contributing various sums of money to the project. OJr decision to only include first names or pseudonyms was not intended to slight anyone; it was meant to maintain a flavor of anarchism that does not glorify heroes, leaders or personalities. It is the same with the people who contributed money to the project. $100 was as important as those who sent only their best wishes to the project and the deletion of names merely reflects that belief. We present this book in the spirit of the convention: anarchy in action. The historical importance of this little compilation remains to be seen. The events of Haymarket '86, however, are important for all of us to consider if we are to build a viable revolutionary movement here in the U.S. 1 HAYMARKET 1886 On May 1, 1886, workers from all trades and factories throughout the U.S. went on a general strike in support of the eight-hour work day. In Chicago, a stronghold of immigrant labor and anarchists, 80,000 workers marched in an "eight-hour day" demonstration. The Central Labor Union (a revolutionary union federation organized by anarchists which had quickly become Chicago's largest and most active union center) and the anarchist International Working People's Association organized these strikes and demonstrations, which not only called for shorter hours, but also called on workers to organize and overtake their industry and society. Before the strike action began, the management at ~rmick Machine Co. (then International Harvester, now Navistar) locked out 1,500 workers over a wage dispute. On May 3rd, when pickets attempted to prevent blackleg labor entering the plant, the Chicago police opened fire on the workers, killing at least two and wounding many others. A protest was called for the following day at Haymarket Square. Speeches condemning police violence and capitalist oppression were given by three leading anarchists: Albert R. Parsons, August Spies, and Samuel Fielden. As Fielden, the last speaker, was concluding his address, about 200 police attacked the crowd. An unknown person hurled a dynamite bomb at the advancing police lines, killing one policeman and wounding many others. Police went wild and immediately shot scores of people, killing at least four demonstrators and even six policemen. This was used as a pretext to launch the first major "red scare" in American history. The capitalist press across the country whipped up the flames of hysteria, with the New York Times prescribing Gatling guns and gallows to prevent the spread of Anarchist thought. Chicago police launched a general roundup of radicals and unionists, raiding hooies, meeting places, and newspaper offices. Hundreds were arrested and interrogated under virtual martial law, with anarchist newspapers suppressed (and their editors jailed), mail intercepted, and union meetings and public gatherings banned. On May 5th, 300 of Chicago's "leading citizens" put up over $100,000 to hire witnesses and subsidize the repression. On June 21st, eight anarchists prominent in the Central Labor Union were put on trial, even though most weren't even present at the Haymarket demonstration. All eight were ultimately convicted by a hand-picked jury. Of the eight, Albert R. Parsons, August Spies, Aldolph Fischer, and George Engel were hanged on Black Friday, November 11th. Louis Lingg committed suicide the day before in his jail cell. Oscar Neebe, Michel Schwab, and Samuel Fielden spent six years in prison before being pardoned. All eight were later shown to have had nothing to do with the bombing. On July 14, 1889," on the hundredth anniversary of Bastille 2 Day, an American delegate attending the International Labor Conference in Paris proposed that May 1st be officially adopted as a workers' holiday. This motion was unanimously approved and since then, May Day has served as a date for International working class solidarity. One hundred years after Haymarket, millions are still working and living in dire poverty, unemployed, prevented from organizing and defending their rights and interests by government (regardless of their professed ideologies) and bosses. Obviously, we can see that it is still time for A change! And time to confirm those last words of Spies: "There will be a time when our silence from the grave will be more powerful than those voices you strangle today!" LONG LIVE ANARCHY! HAYMARKET CENTENNIAL ANARCHY IN CHICAGO About 12 of us from Detroit made the trek to Chicago this May Day to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Haymarket riot and subsequent state murder by execution of five anarchists. Hosted by the Chicago Anarchist Group, the gathering was attended by 300 to 400 people--about 2/3 male, mostly white, mostly young, with hardly any oldsters and only a few people over 40. Participants came from all over the U.S. and Canada, with a small number of visitors from outside North America. The gathering consisted of workshops, theater, music, art shows, participation in a May Day march, an anarchist march of our own, a banquet and a memorial gathering at the gravesite of the Haymarket martyrs. We were able to participate in only a few of the workshops held, but we found much of the discussion stimulating, if at times disjointed. Workshop topics included ecology; a weirdly formulated "tech vs. anti-tech" (which none of us were able to attend as this workshop was held on the same day); Spain 1936 .(which unfortunately, but perhaps inevitably, turned into a discussion on Central America); building the anarchist movement (which according to one participant degenerated into the age-old hot air sessions about computer networks, a national federation and a national press) ; personal politics and anarchy; what is anarchy?; and anarchy and social revolution/why revolutions fail. Of course, there were many informal discussions as well, but despite meeting new friends and old, those of us from the Fifth Estate missed talking with many people from around the country, including FE sustainers and others with whom we would have liked to make contact. It was an exciting time, in spite of the craziness and chaos, and we wish we could have spent more time at it. 3 On Thursday, May 1, anarchists and other conferees participated in the traditionally ma.rxi.st Pilsen march (an old German workers' district, now a Latino barrio), spontaneously leaving the march at one point and coming close soon afterwards to a major confrontation with Chicago's cops. During the standoff, the marchers finally had to disperse, but managed, after some negotiation, to free two people 'Who had been arrested. "EVERYTHING AND NOTHING" On Friday, conference participants had our own march, a tour with no permits to such monuments to Authority as the jail, city hall, the stock exchange ('Where toy money was thrown at businessmen, and brokers watching us from the windows above were urged to jump by the crowd) , IBM, the South African Consulate, the struck Chicago Tribune, and a fancy shopping district 'Where the proverbial shit hit the fan, and 38 people were arrested for disorderly conduct, "mob action against the state," and one person for desecrating a U.S. flag (now a felony). At an intersection near the stock exchange 'Where we momentarily blocked traffic, a well-dressed older woman was overheard asking a cop, ''What organization is this?" He replied, "They're not any organization, they're anarchists." And to her question, "What do they want?" he replied with astonishing perspicacity, "Everything--and nothing." The scene at IBM was exhilarating--one of the wildest scenes I can remember in many years of demonstrations. Amid war 'Whoops, screams and chants of "IBM out of South Africa, South America," etc. until every contingent got covered, people blockaded the building and closed it, and many proceeded to pound on the plate glass windows and the metal coverings on the pillars, creating a great din. (I saw one anarchist @ drawn on the window 'While the geeks in suits gaped incredulously from the other side.) Money and a flag were burned, 'Which almost caused a brawl with the cops, but they still did not attack, 'Which we found amazing at the time. Remember, this is the force that massacred workers a hundred years ago, that massacred workers during the Republic Steel strike in 1937, and perhaps many of the same cops 'Who attacked peace demonstrators in 1968, and 'Who slaughtered the Black Panthers in their beds in 1969, and 'Who brutalize people every day in Chicago's poorer neighborhoods. The cops had been following us all along in large numbers, hissing that the march was a "cattle drive" and that at the end they would all have their own Haymarket commemoration, each "take his own anarchist to lunch," as someone later reported being told. The mob was meandering, and for those of us not from Chicago, we felt a little powerless to control events. By IBM, things were threatening to go beyond the point of no return, so some of us decided to make our own way to the cop monument to Haymarket, 'Where the march was supposed to end. (1lrls is the base of the statue built in 1889, funded by 4 Chicago capitalists after a public "popular subscription fund" promoted by the Chicago Tribune raised only $150 in ten months. 1bis statue has had an interesting history of its own, inchrli.ng bombings and vandalism. In 1927, on the 41st anniversary of the Haymarket meeting, a streetcar driver drove his car full speed and jumped the track, knocking the statue off its base. In 1968, the statue was defaced with black paint, and in 1969 and 1970 it was blown up. In February 1972, the statue was removed from the base and moved to Police Headquarters, before finally going to the Police Academy, in an area not accessible to the public. On May Day 1912, anarchists and Wobblies tried to place a paper mache statue of anarchist Haymarket martyr Louis Lingg on the base, but the cops turned out in force to prevent it.) We finally found the statue base aft.er taking a few wrong turns, rut no one else showed, though there were plenty of anarchist @' s spray painted nearby. The statue inscription read, "From the City of Chicago in honor of her heroes who defended her against the riot." A friend etched out "heroes" as best he could and wrote "murderers" in its place. DANCING IN THE NUDE We learned lat.er that after IBM, a similar scene had ensued at the South African Consulate and the Chicago Tribune (where marchers fraternized with striking workers) , and approaching a bourgeois shopping area, some people had begun running in and out of stores and a window was broken in a hotel. There the cops began arresting people who had started to disperse, grabbing those who looked nonconformist or who carried flags, who ran too slow or ran too fast, or who tried to investigate the arrests of others. That night, there was a lengthy discussion about the demonstration while a small group worked frenetically to get people out of jail. There was much heated discussion on responsibility, how to do demonstrations, decision-making, tactics, and the arrest, which was all very interesting rut inconclusive. On Saturday night after a day of workshops and prisoner support, there was a banquet, conversation and dancing. (Some folks danced in various states of undress, which prompted an old-timer to remark that he was surprised that so much fun could be had with so little liquor, but, frankly, "In 1936 we were dancing in the nude.") By this time everyone had gotten out of jail, and the air was festive. We had made our points here and there, and everyone felt enthusiastic about rubbing shoulders with other strange people like ourselves. On Sunday, we went to Waldheim Cemetery where the Haymarket victims are buried (along with Voltairine de Cleyre and others). There was a brief scuffle with liberals and stalinists over a black flag hung on the monument, rut in the end it stayed. People drank champagne and took snapshots of each other, finally gathering at the grave in a linking of rums to shout some spirited hurrahs for anarchy. I may be a 5 sentimental fool, but I loved it. And we made our point--the Haymarket victims were not liberals, labor reformists, or historians. They were unrelenting rebels who had the courage and the vision to demand the impossible in an impossible society. '!hat is why they were hanged--as the state's attorney declared, it was anarchy that was on trial--and that is why the last words of George Engel and Louis Lingg were "Long Live Anarchy." In spite of any criticisms, it was exciting to be there with so many people who, even if their interpretations varied widely, were drawn to an event based on those last defiant words. Let no one be mistaken: anarchy cannot be stamped out. Anarchy lives. ---Dogbane Campion At first, when we heard about the anarchist gathering, we didn't want to go because we figured it'd be full of a lot of horrible leftist men and hardly any women at all. Then we met a few nice people (some of whom were men) from the anarchist scene in New York City. We talked it over and decided to give it a go. If nothing else, we could spend the whole weekend getting drunk and watching TV (and that we did, me buckos). Originally, we were going with the intention of putting to rest the "BONE CONTROVERSY" scheduled to take place in the cemetery. We planned to cash in on the liberal guilt by letting them know that, for the right price, the bones of the Haymarket Martyrs could belong to anyone, even them. We, planned at the same time, to sell indulgences to the Stalinists and social democrats. Unfortunately, the ' Reverend Ann-Marie ran into a snag when her housemates transubstantiated. the holy bone relics into a soup which they, carnivores all, assured her was delicious. With our usual presence of mind, we decided to fuck the whole thing and write some suitably threatening leaflets a few hours before the event, which we did under the nom de guerre of the Conversational Sectional Pit Group, formed suddenly and conversationally with our friend Dave. We didn't get much out of any of the workshops we attended, but we did get a lot out of just talking to people, getting to meet our pen-pals, etc. Final verdict: we did meet horrible leftist men, we did meet very nice ones, great girls too, but not enough of them, etc. What the fuck, let's all do it again next year. ---T.H.R.U.S.H. (Terrifying Hags Ruthlessly Uprooting Self Hatred) 6 PLANNING Planning got underway with a May Day 1984 planning meeting called by Impossible Books (and endorsed by several groups around the country), held at Chicago's Autonomy Center, and drawing maybe 2 dozen anarchists from throughout the midwest. It was a disjointed meeting that suffered badly from its lack of organization--a problem that was to continue, albeit not in quite so extreme a fashion--and structure. Chicago anarchists wanted a mass anarchist manifestation--where demonstrations would show that the movement was still alive, and where, there would be many opportunities for folks to get together and talk/socialize. Fifth Estate argued for an orgiastic celebration of life--I was never quite sure what they meant, but it seemed to revolve around guerrilla street theater. Some people argued for an anarchist conference. A few of us Wobs were present, and we argued for a series of events including demonstrations, cultural events, etc. and a Revolutionary Labor Conference drawing in unions and workers' groups from around the world that stand in the tradition of Haymarket to discuss ways of rekindling a mass revolutionary labor movement including fighting for the four hour day. Eventually, the meeting wound down without any real consensus, except that people generally supported the concept of doing something in Chicago to mark the Haymarket centennial, and that Impossible Books was to coordinate discussions. It was also clear that most people found the labor conference, the idea of shorter hours, and the working class in general quite boring, but that we Wobs were going to try to pursue it independently. Fifth Estate published an account of the meeting (others may have, too, I don't really know), but no real discussions or plans were made in the following months and Impossible Books pretty much stopped responding to Haymarket mail while it went through a slow process of losing members and the Autonomy Center. (The IWW, meanwhile, went about the process of contacting AIT/IWA sections and others about the Labor Conference. Most of us who worked on organizing the Labor Conference also participated in building anarchist events for Haymarket. ) In early 1985, plans got underway again with a handful of Chicago anarchists beginning to meet and sending out letters to anarchist groups they were close to and/or had endorsed the May '84 meeting. A Shimo supporter attended a couple of these 7 meetings, arguing that instead of organizing specifically anarchist events, the scope of Haymarket should be broader including groups such as NBAU. The Chicago group was clear from the start, however, that we wanted to organize an anarchist commemoration (though others would be welcome to attend). At the same time I, and a few others, were attending meetings of the so-called Haymarket Centennial Committee in an attempt to persuade them to tell the truth about Haymarket (and failing that, to find out what they were up to). The HCC, with the support of Chicago's Mayor, sky pilots, social democrats and liberals, CP hacks and similar scum, was committed to presenting the Haymarket Martyrs as liberal reformers and to treating the New Deal and the workers' states (I was never able to find out where these could be found) as pert of their heritage. Conflict with this group continued throughout the Haymarket events. I prepared an open letter to the Committee which received wide circulation. We picketed and leafleted various of their events. HCC goons attacked us physically on one occasion, and we challenged them to a debate on the eve of the Haymarket commemoration which they originally accepted, but then backed down on. The HCC's lies and slanders against the Haymarket Martyrs and the anarchist movement were clear from early on. Unfortunately, a handful of self-proclaimed anarchists and "anti-authoritarians" chose to work with this group, lending credibility (to the uninformed) to their efforts. Utah Phillips, Carlos Cortez and Franklin and Penelope Rosemont deserve to be singled out in this regard. The HCC--with its official character and its massive resources--proved adept at securing media coverage in the weeks leading up to the Haymarket centennial, though they were never able to mobilize the kind of support they had hoped for and were forced to drop many of their planned events. By Spring, Chicago anarchists had received a number of endorsements for a November planning conference and for Haymarket '86, al though many of the larger and more active groups and publications had not yet responded. (The latter was to prove a continuing problem, while Fifth Estate, Emancipation DEMONSTRATE MAY DAY MARCH, MAY 1st ASSEMBLE 13th & Union, 5: 15 pm 8 and several smaller and regional publications helped spread the word, Open Road and Bayou La Rose gave only brief mentions at the last minute, and Strike never gave any information about anarchist Haymarket plans at all.) We then prepared a mass mailing to North American anarchist groups known to us or listed in Blacklist (which is sadly dated), and. to selected other groups around the world inviting people to a November planning conference, and asking for ideas for commemorating Haymarket. The November '85 planning conference pulled in people from a number of groups, and came to fairly quick agreement to do a Conference, some demos, and some cultural activities. Unfortunately, it proved impossible to move on to the specifics of many of these--especially how the Conference workshops were to be structured. This was partly due to lack of time and. preparation, partly due to the fact that people kept arriving for hours after the meeting started (including many who had been in town the night before) forcing us to cover the same ground over again, and largely due to a misguided belief in spontaneity. The November conference did adopt a clear policy of non-collaboration with non-anarchist groups, excluding Shimo from participating in the planning conference on this basis. (By this time, Shimo was putting forward plans for cultural terrorism in the streets of Chicago, reminiscent of.. the-- disastrous Days of Rage; soon afterwards their paper was to seek to confuse the Haymarket '86 Anarchist Gathering with Shimo's plans.) People went home knowing something was going to happen, though somewhat fuzzy on the details. In the weeks preceding and. following the November conference, conflicts arose within the Chicago group. These essentially revolved around the structure of the Chicago group: a few people (myself included) felt that the amorphous, ill-defined way the organizing committee worked made democratic process and accountability impossible. Decisions would be made, but no provisions to implement them. A handful of people picked up the slack, and others felt frozen out there was no way for new people to plug into the work, because so much of it was done by 2 or 3 people a few minutes here, a few minutes there. The problem came to a head over the question of mail. One person had a key to the mailbox, and would bring copies of those letters he found important to meetings or would mention what had come in over the phone. The majority of the organizing committee never saw most of the correspondence and. had no real idea of the type of response (or volume) we were getting. A few people found our proposals for tighter organization and structure bureaucratic and stifling, and the rest didn't want to deal with the issue. As a result, we never really did come to grips with it. This was reflected in mailings that went out late and. without being looked over by the group, chaotic workshops (we never really did decide how the workshops were to be set up: were they discussion groups or presentations followed by 9 HAYMARKET 86 PRESENT5 ANARCHY IN ACTION MAYDAY (THURSDAY THE 1st) THRU SATURDAY< MAY #RD 9:30 AM-6:00PM DAILY WORK-SHOPS ON LABOR, FEMINISM, FREE EXPRESSION, ETC. @ 3204 N. WILTON & 615 W. WELLINGTON FREE ADMISSION-DONATE IF YOU WILL. LABOR DONATED 10 discussion?; who would coordinate/facilitate?) , failure to prepare sufficient leaflets for the demonstrations, and inadequate preparations for the demos (we needed more bullhorns, a method for dealing with provocateurs, and understood system for making decisions and communicating while the demos were underway) . Haymarket planning was also rendered extremely difficult by disorganization throughout North America. Until days before the events, we had no way of knowing whether we would have 100 people or 500. This made it extremely difficult to book halls, arrange crash space, as did the absence of money. Ultimately sufficient funds did come in to cover all anticipated expenses. But these funds did not come in until the very last moment, when it was already too late to put down deposits on the most desirable halls, etc. (and we didn't have enough free cash among us to front more than several hundred dollars) . The banquet problem was reflective, also, of this disorganization. Because of inadequate information and funds, we couldn't book a hall until the last minute (when most were booked). The only vegetarian caterer we could find in the city was already booked, though we did manage to find a caterer who could handle veggie lasagna. The people who agreed to handle the vegan food didn't get around to it, and didn't tell the rest of us (though there was sane vegan food in the fridge that had been prepared during the day and apparently forgotten). In short, things only came off as well they did because a handful of people--many from out-of-town---worked- themselves to the bone in the few days immediately preceding and during the gathering. With proper organization, I believe this burden could have been more equitably distributed and many of the problems avoided. ---Jon The Shimo controversy was as much a conflict with them as it was among ourselves. That is to say, there didn't seem to be a problem with the decision itself, but the process of making a decision was as problematic as anything. It was a lesson in group decision making (and group identity?). ---Anonymous Friends of Anarchy, The following pages represent a brief summary of the November 29-30 Haymarket Conference, in the hopes of giving those who were not able to attend a good idea of Mla.t actually happened. After a quick tour of Haymarket Square and Waldheim Cemetery, a party on Friday night, we got down to business 11 Saturday morning at 11:00 a.m. During the course of the day, there were about 40-50 people present. Things started off with introductions by comrades from Toronto, Boston, Hartford, New York, San Francisco, Atlanta, Harrisburg, Minneapolis, Kalamazoo, Santa Cruz, Ann Arbor, Willimantic, Champaign, and Chicago. One comrade was turned back at the Canadian border, but he did make it at another crossing. The first hours dealt mainly with a discussion of the general philosophy of the May 1-4, 1986 events. Fairly quickly, it became apparent that the general feeling in the group was that May was to be an anarchist-planned gathering. People saw this as a time to celebrate and explore our historical anarchist roots, as well as the present and future of anarchy. Two proposals were then submitted for discussion. The Atlanta collective brought a resolution stating that although the attendance at the gathering should be left open to all, the planning and organization would be done by anarchists . It expressed their concern that committed Marxist-Leninists, Maoists, Trots, Stalinists, and other authoritarian organizations not be allowed to take control of the events. This resolution specifically named the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP) I and the discussion centered on peoples J negative experiences with this organization and what appears to be one of their national "secular" front groups, No Business As Usual (NBAU). There was unanimous agreement that all planning and organization be restricted specifically to anarchists, while attendance be left open to all. Talk then turned to the Shimo Underground, whom many felt to be RCP collaborators. People said that this organization and its chairperson had stated both in print and in conversations that they did not consider themselves anarchists, and that they had given their unqualified support and endorsement to both the RCP and NBAU. A resolution, brought by a San Francisco comrade and expressing the opinions of comrades from San Francisco, San Diego, and Seattle, was then adopted. It was similar to the previous resolution
Permalink
User Activity Date