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- Karen Dykes
- Date Uploaded
- 2021-12-08
- Date Modified
- 2021-12-08
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- passed on August 08, 2024 at 14:06
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| Transcript |
- Laws [underlined] discussed his elephant studies in Uganda [underlined] + Kenya [underlined]
My summary is as follows.
1. Populations of elephants have been shown to be a major
influent in the direction of transforming bush into grassland
In this manner the bushland species of large animals give
way to plains game.
This results from progressive destruction of trees by elephants.
2. Pressure in the reverse direction arises from large populations
of hippo [hippopotamus]. These are exclusively grazers + graze so close that
grass competition with trees is reduced at the same time
the occurrence + severity of fire is reduced so that
young trees can establish + survive.
3. Population densities a) Tsavo 1.5/sq [square] mile
b) N [north] of the Nile, Murchison 2.8/sq [square] mile
c) S " " " " [South of the Nile, Murchison] 5/sq [square] mile
Tsavo - 7000? sq [square] miles contains about 6 discrete populations
Here tree killing + uprooting, + hot fires in the debris leads to
grassland.
4. Reproduction years/yng [young] Tsavo 6, N [north] of N [nile] 7, Nile S [south] 8.9
Births tend to reach peaks associated with rainfall.
Tsavo 2 peaks
N [north] Nile 1 peak early
S [south] " [Nile] 1 " [peak] late.
5. Age at [female symbol] puberty 12 to 14 yrs [years] in Tsavo [word crossed out] N. [north] Nile.
18 yrs [years] " [in] S. [south] Nile
12.5 yrs [years] in Tsavo
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