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8
"Mineraloay"
Hardness of Metals or [illegible, struckthrough]
In the above as follows
the softest being #1
#1 Talc. soft, scratched with the nail
#2 Gypsum. not easily scratched by nail
#3 Carbonate of Lime.
#4 Flourspar [Fluorspar] Does not scratch glass
#5 Phosphate of Lime
#6 Felspar scratches glass
#7 Quartz. not scratched by knife
#8 Topaz
#9 Corundum
#10 Diamond
Hence if a scientific works speaks
of the hardness of a body being 1,2,7,
6 or 8 Etc. look above list.
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For Gearing to change the direction of
motion, in fact what I should
call pitched gears
see Scientific Am. [American] February 1 1873
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To cement meershaum use fresh Plaster
Paris with water
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To polish mineral specimens - grind
on a grindstone to shape - Polish with
Emery and rottenstone
RIGHT PAGE
9
"How to improve the appearance of"
"Varnished Furniture"
When the polish on new Furniture
becomes dull it can be restored by
the following process;
Take a soft sponge wick with clean
cold water, and wash over the article.
Then take a soft chamois skin and
wipe it clean. Dry the skin as well
as you can, by wringing it in the
hands, and wipe the water of the
Furniture, being careful to wipe only
"one way" - never use a dry chamois
skin on Varnished Furniture. If
the varnish is defaced and shows
white marks, take linseed oil and
turpentine in equal Parts, shake
them well in a phial and apply a
very small quantity on a soft rag,
until the color is restored; then with a
clean soft Rag, wipe the mixture
entirely off. In deeply carved
work, the dust cannot be wiped
off with a sponge; Use a stiff haired
paint Brush instead of a sponge.
The white scratches on furniture are
made by bruising the gum of which
the varnish is composed. Copal Varnish
is made of Gum Copal, Linseed oil
and turpentine or Benzine. Copal is
not suluble in alcohol as other Gums
are, but is dissolved by heat. It is the
foundation of varnish, as the oil is only
used to make the gum tough, and
the turpentine is required to hold the
other parts in a liquid state, and
it Evaporates immediately after it is
applied. The gum then becomes hard
and admits of a fine polish.
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